The association between population density and blood lipid levels in Dutch blood donors

Table 3 Association between population density and blood lipids and mediation by objectively measured MVPA and SB adjusted for confounders

IV	DV	MV	Effect of population density on lifestyle behaviors	Effect of lifestyle behaviors on blood lipids	Total effect	Direct effect	Indirect effect
			(a-path)	(b-path)	(c-path)	(c′-path)	(a-path × b-path)
			β 95% CI	β 95% CI	β 95% CI	β 95% CI	β 95% BCI
Population density per 1000 inhabitants	LDL cholesterol	MVPA	0.00 (− 0.00, 0.00)	− 0.16 (− 0.91, 0.59)	0.00 (− 0.02, 0.01)	0.00 (− 0.02, 0.01)	0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
	LDL cholesterol	SB	0.00 (− 0.17, 0.16)	0.00 (0.00, 0.01)
	TC/HDL cholesterol ratio	MVPA	0.00 (− 0.00, 0.00)	− 0.43 (− 0.71, − 0.16)	0.00 (− 0.01, 0.00)	0.00 (− 0.01, 0.00)	0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
	TC/HDL cholesterol ratio	SB	0.00 (− 0.17, 0.16)	0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
	Triglycerides	MVPA	0.00 (− 0.00, 0.00)	− 0.55 (− 1.02, − 0.08)	0.00 (− 0.01, 0.01)	0.00 (− 0.01, 0.01)	0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
	Triglycerides	SB	0.00 (− 0.17, 0.16)	0.00 (− 0.01, 0.00)

Residuals of MVPA, TC/HDL and TG were not normally distributed and were, therefore, log transformed, this table presents log transformed data. italics regression coefficients and 95% confidence intervals are statistically significant p < 0.05
IV Independent variable, DV dependent variable, MV mediating variable, a-path association between population density and mediating variable, b-path association between mediating variable and blood lipid outcome, c-path association between population density and blood lipid outcome, c′-path association between population density and blood lipid outcome adjusted for mediating variables, indirect effect indirect effect of population density on blood lipid outcome through mediating variables, β unstandardized regression coefficient, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, BCI bootstrapped confidence interval, SB sedentary behavior expressed per 10 min, MVPA moderate to vigorous physical activity expressed per 10 min, TC/HDL cholesterol ratio total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, LDL low density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglycerides

ISSN: 1476-072X