Fig. 1

Study area—Wuhan, China. Wuhan comprises 13 districts (Wuchang, Hongshan, Jianghan, Jiang’an, Hanyang, Qiaokou, Qingshang, Jiangxia, Xinzhou, Huangpi, Dongxihu, Caidian, and Hannan) and the three main districts are Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang