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Table 2 Indicators of the objective and perceived food environment of the overall study sample and by SES. Respondents in the CIVISANO-survey, Flanders, 2021

From: Associations between the objective and perceived food environment and eating behavior in relation to socioeconomic status among adults in peri-urban settings: results from the CIVISANO study in Flanders, Belgium

 

Total sample (n = 498)

Mean or %

LSES

(n = 268)

HSES

(n = 229)

Test statistic (i.e. T-test/Chi-square/Mann-Whitney U)

Perceived food environment

    

FV availability

   

< 0.005**

Disagree/strongly disagree

5.2

8.6

1.3

 

Neutral

5.2

7.8

2.2

 

Agree/Strongly agree

89.6

83.6

96.5

 

FF availability

   

0.30

Disagree/strongly disagree

5.8

6.8

4.8

 

Neutral

18.3

20.1

16.2

 

Agree/Strongly agree

75.6

73.1

79.0

 

FV price

   

< 0.005**

Disagree/strongly disagree

37.2

43.3

30.1

 

Neutral

36.0

34.0

38.5

 

Agree/Strongly agree

26.8

22.7

31.4

 

FF price

   

< 0.005**

Disagree/strongly disagree

26.4

31.3

20.5

 

Neutral

38.0

38.4

37.6

 

Agree/Strongly agree

35.6

30.3

41.9

 

FV quality

   

< 0.005**

Disagree/strongly disagree

7.6

10.5

4.3

 

Neutral

17.1

22.0

11.4

 

Agree/Strongly agree

75.3

67.5

84.3

 

Objective food environment

    

Proximity to healthy outlets

1541.7 ± 1080.3

1481.4 ± 1090.9

1612.0 ± 1065.8

< 0.005**

Proximity to unhealthy outlets

561.7 ± 477.0

531.4 ± 476.4

597.2 ± 476.3

< 0.005**

Proximity to FF outlets

760.9 ± 591.5

685.3 ± 549.1

849.5 ± 627.3

< 0.005**

Density of healthy outlets 500m

0.3 ± 0.5

0.3 ± 0.6

0.2 ± 0.5

0.07

Density of unhealthy outlets 500m

2.0 ± 2.5

2.1 ± 2.5

1.9 ± 2.5

0.002**

Density of FF outlets 500m

0.8 ± 1.1

1.0 ± 1.2

0.5 ± 1.0

0.02*

mRFEI 500m

0.04 ± 0.1

0.05 ± 0.09

0.04 ± 0.1

0.07

Density of healthy outlets 1000m

0.2 ± 0.5

0.2 ± 0.5

0.2 ± 0.5

0.08

Density of unhealthy outlets 1000m

2.7 ± 2.8

2.7 ± 2.7

2.8 ± 2.8

< 0.005**

Density of FF outlets 1000m

1.1 ± 1.2

1.1 ± 1.2

1.1 ± 1.2

0.004*

mRFEI 1000m

0.04 ± 0.1

0.04 ± 0.1

0.04 ± 0.1

0.08

  1. FV: fruit-and vegetables, FF: fast-food, HSES: higher socioeconomic status, LSES: lower socioeconomic status, mRFEI: modified retail food environment index