Development of an approach to forecast future takeaway outlet growth around schools and population exposure to takeaways in England

Table 1 Classification of the six selected adopter local authorities across the rural/urban spectrum in England

Rural urban classification	Local authority	Adoption year	Baseline year³
London urban with major conurbation	Wandsworth	2015	2013
Non-London urban with major conurbation	Manchester	2017	2015
Urban with minor conurbation	Sheffield	“as if” 2016^1,²	2014
Urban with city and town	Blackburn with Darwen	2016	2014
Urban with significant rural	North Somerset	“as if” 2016^1,²	2014
Largely or mainly rural	Fenland	“as if” 2016^1,²	2014

Notes:
1. Hypothetical adopter local authorities were chosen because no actual adopter local authorities existed before 2019 in their respective rural urban classification categories
2. In line with actual adopters, hypothetical adopter local authorities were treated as if having adopted takeaway management zones in 2016
3. The baseline year is set as two years prior to adoption to mitigate potential effects from the intervention’s announcement before its formal implementation

ISSN: 1476-072X